DISCUSSING
In the Shadow of the Spire – Session 35B: Letters of Mysterious Motive

Tor was deeply concerned by the missive from the Order of the Dawn.

“Could he suspect? But if he was going to kill me, why would he send me a note?” Tor shrugged. “Of course, the last time I tried to think my way through this sort of thing, I ended up over-thinking it.”

I use a campaign status document to keep track of the loose threads, NPC actions, faction agendas, backdrop events, and everything else that goes into bringing a reactive and dynamic campaign to life.

This session is a great example of how you can take material from your campaign status document and weave it together into a complex and compelling session for your players. To follow along, though, you’ll first need to understand the various materials I’ve prepped for the In the Shadow of the Spire campaign:

• Campaign Status Document, the details of which we’ll be diving into shortly.
• Scenarios, which are probably largely self-explanatory. The overall campaign structure is node-based (with a subset of megadungeon-structured scenarios), so I also have a Campaign Revelation List which shows how all of the scenarios are connected to each other via clues. (This campaign is old enough that this document is still referred to as the “Adventure Track.”) The scenario notes themselves are divided into the separate acts of the campaign, and Act II into three subsections: Banewarrens scenarios, Night of Dissolution scenarios, and Chaos Cult (I use this division when organizing scenario files on my hard drive. I also have separate three-ring binders for each scenario type — so I have a Banewarrens binder, a Chaos Cult binder, and a Night of Dissolution binder at the table, although I believe at this point in the campaign, the CC and NOD scenarios were still in the same binder.) These scenarios are further indicated by an alphanumeric code, so NOD3 is the Surgeon in the Shadows, for example, while BW05 is the Outer Vaults of the Banewarrens.
• Backdrop Files, which I discuss in the Smart Prep Each backdrop file provides a focused breakdown of ongoing background events that are related to each other. I maintain a number of these for the In the Shadow of the Spire campaign, but the two relevant for the current session are Backdrop 1: Balacazar vs. Killraven and Backdrop 2: Novarch in Exile. (At this point, the latter of these has begun transitioning out of being purely background material because the PCs keep getting involved with church politics.)
• Interludes, which are scenarios unconnected to the primary campaign structures. This is a mix of one-off events, scenarios created by the players pursuing agendas of their own creation, and other miscellanea.
• Subplots, which are long-running series of events which the PCs are interacting with (or expecting to interact with). A lot of these seem to end up being factions. (The distinction from Backdrops is that, due to their interactivity, the Subplots have either mini-scenarios or full scenarios. The distinction from Interludes is that Subplots aren’t one-shot adventures; they’re long-running sequences. Although, again, these distinctions get blurred in practice as PCs ignore subplots, get involved with events I thought were backdrops, or have long-term events spin off from an Interlude.)

It might be worth noting that I’m not super-invested in the Backdrop/Interludes/Subplots division; it’s just what I’ve found useful for organizing my notes for this specific campaign.

Okay, with this groundwork laid, let’s dig into Session 35.

IN THE CAMPAIGN STATUS DOCUMENT

The campaign date is 09/18/790 — the 18^th day of Kadal in the 790^th Year of the Seyrunian Dynasty. The PCs have spent most of the day — in sessions 32 thru 34 — engaged with the chaos cultists at, first, the apartment building where they’re conducting their venom-shaped thrall experiments and, later, in the ruins of the Old City below the apartment building.

The result is that a bunch of events scheduled for the 18^th have stacked up, particularly because the PCs spent most of the 17^th throwing a huge spanner into the schisming of the Imperial Church and getting themselves thoroughly tangled up in a city-wide political crisis.

The two most relevant sections of my campaign status document here are the Newssheets (summarizing backdrop events in the city) and Events (which are things more or less “aimed” at the PCs). These are the relevant entries from each section for the 18^th:

NEWSSHEETS

• 09/18/790: Blood in the Bathhouse. A flock of ravens bursts the doors on the Row Bathhouse and drives out the customers. When the ravens fly out again, the baths have been polluted with Blood. (Tavern Row War)
• 09/18/790: Vile Rites Performed in Oldtown! Report on what the City Watch discovered in the Oldtown apartment complex.

EVENTS

• 09/18/790: Ranthir receives a letter from Mahdoth’s. (BW03A)
• 09/18/790: Jevicca uses a sending to contact them. (Jevicca’s Sending)
• 09/18/790: Gemmell sends Tor a letter. (The orc prisoner has escaped with inside help; Sir Kabel was warned. Gemmell is worried that there are traitors in the ranks. But he trusts Tor because he gave him Kabel’s letter.)
• 09/18/790 (8 PM): Meeting with Sir Kabel at Pythoness House. (Meeting with Kabel)
• 09/18/790 (11 PM): GQT2 comes to Nibeck Street mansion. (BW Status)

The text in parentheses at the end of some of these entries indicate that they are pointers, either to a separate document (e.g, Tavern Row War refers to a section of Backdrop 1: Balacazar vs. Killraven) or to a later section of the campaign status document (e.g, BW Status and Jevicca’s Sending are both sections which appear later). This way, these sections of the campaign status document don’t become overwhelmed with so much information that they can no longer serve their essential function.

You can see in the case of “Gemmell sends Tor a letter,” however, that the supplementary info was short enough that I could just leave it in situ. Similarly, the specific details of “Vile Rites Performed in Oldtown!” are something I’m prepared to just improvise as necessary.

In addition to these regular sections of the campaign status document, I’ve also added a special section entitled Tavern Row Events. These are “random” encounters that I prepped several weeks before this session as part of Backdrop 1: Balacazar vs. Killraven. Since the PCs are boarding just around the corner from Tavern Row — and regularly walk up and down the street — I wanted them to experience some of the peripheral shrapnel of this gang war themselves. I’ve transferred the events from the Backdrop File to the campaign status document so that they’ll be right in my face when I’m running the session. (That way I won’t forget about them.)

Usually I would integrate events like this into the regular sections of the campaign status document, but in this case I decided it would be more useful to keep them grouped together. (Particularly because they weren’t keyed to specific dates or times.)

TAVERN ROW EVENTS

Raven Spies: While passing down Tavern Row, the PCs notice an unusual number of ravens roosting along the rooftops — peering eerily down into the streets below. Passersby keep glancing up nervously at them.

• These are Killraven spies.
• Just before the Showdown at the Onyx Spider, the number of ravens will multiply, roosting on seemingly every rooftop.

The Stink Man: The PCs are in position to spot Durant and a couple of Killraven thugs heading into the Old Goose tavern. They’re either there to intimidate Unos (before the 15^th), kill Unos (on the evening of the 15^th), or to threaten Unos’ heir Talia.

Tellith’s Problems: Tellith is harassed by Killraven enforcers: An ogre sorcerer named Fatok and three thugs. They’re demanding a monthly protection payment of 100 gp.

• “Don’t think your delver friends will help you.”

We can now see all the pieces that have been laid in place. These events have built up over time — either from long-term backdrop prep; time events; or consequences spinning off like free radicals from the actions of the over the last dozen sessions. All of these separate vectors have converged to seed the campaign status document with these specific mix of events for the 18^th, and then the PCs actions on the 18^th itself have further shaped how they’ll play out at the table.

RUNNING SESSION 35

You may want to pop open Session 35 in a separate browser tab so that you can follow along as we walk through the events that played out.

Having left the chaos temple in the Old City at the end of Session 34, the PCs kicked things off with some logistical play: Inventorying their loot, identifying magic items, etc. Standard stuff.

They had completed these chores as a matter of urgency and necessity, but now that the dinner hour was approaching, they realized they were still variously caked with sewer sludge, crusted blood, and other various foulnesses. And sothey headed toward the bathhouse on Tavern Row.

One of the reasons for keeping a campaign status document is that it can sit on the table right next to you during the whole session. Throughout the session, therefore, I’m consistently checking the campaign status document; sort of “touching base” to make sure I’m not forgetting anything and/or looking for stuff that I can opportunistically inject into the ongoing events.

Here my players are announcing their intention to visit a bathhouse on Tavern Row, and right at the top of my campaign status document I’m looking at the “Blood in the Bathhouse” event.

So this is pretty straightforward, right? It’s a no-brainer to have them arrive in the immediate aftermath of that event.

I then cross out this event, which obviously helps me keep track of what has and hasn’t happened. In addition, it also makes it easy for me to update my campaign status document between sessions by simply looking for and removing entries that have been crossed out.

With a shrug, Tor and Tee headed into the bathhouse. They found Derra, the proprietress of the bathhouse, being questioned by a watchman. Tee took the opportunity to sneak through the far door and into the baths themselves.

One consequence of having the PCs arrive in the immediate aftermath of the event — rather than hearing about it later through the rumor mill or by reading about it in a newssheet — is that they can choose to interact with it. “Derra” is just an improvised name, but I make a point of writing it down in my notes.

As they emerged from the door, they spotted a raven watching them from the roof on the opposite side of the Row. Seeing that it had been noticed, the raven took off and began to fly away to the south.

Since the PCs are on Tavern Row, it’s also time to trigger one of the Tavern Row Encounters. Here I’ve grabbed the “Raven Spies” encounters. It plays out a little differently than written because of the present circumstances. This is just fine, of course. But I also make the decision to NOT cross out the encounter. This is an encounter that could be easily repeated in any case.

Elestra flew in through the window of her room. The others followed on foot.

But when they opened the front door of the Ghostly Minstrel, they found Tellith being confronted by a large ogre and three thugs.

“—and don’t think your delver friends will help you,” the ogre growled.

“Delver friends like us?” Tee stabbed him in the back.

Elestra choosing to fly the Killraven spy straight back to their rooms (oh no!) has complicated this sequence of events more than I’d anticipated. (My thought behind the encounter was more along of the lines “look at those creepy ravens; they’re very creep.”)

Your thought might be to simplify it back down. Mine, on the other hand, is to seize the opportunity to add even more complexity to it. And since everyone is rushing back to the Ghostly Minstrel, I have an easy tool to do it: The “Tellith’s Troubles” encounter is not only apropos, but will also complicate the group’s desire to reach their rooms and join Elestra.

Tellith thanked them again for their help. While she was expressing her gratitude, she remembered that letters had come for “Master Ranthir and Master Tor, now where did they go? Ah! Here they are!”

Checking in with my campaign status document again, I can see that several letters were supposed to arrive for the PCs throughout the 18^th. Since they’ve been out all day, these have all stacked up.

And this, of course, is a perfect time for Tellith to deliver them.

You can begin to see how all of these separate elements, independently added to my campaign status document (often just one at a time!), begin weaving together during actual play into complex, multilayered scenes and sequences.

THE WEAVING OF TOR

“Nor is that the only treason in our midst. The orc woman you captured in the Banewarrens has escaped.”

“Escaped?” This time Tor was truly surprised. “How is that possible?”

“There must be a traitor within the Order,” Gemmell said. “The truth is that you’re the only one I can trust. You not only gave me Sir Kabel’s location, but you were also responsible for capturing the escaped prisoner.”

Tor valiantly stopped himself from gaping. “I’m honored that you would place your faith in me.”

This is one of my favorite moments in the entire campaign.

It started back in Session 31, when I set up a crucible choice for Sir Tor by having Sir Gemmell and Sir Kabel both send him a letter at the same time: Which letter would be he respond to? Which side would he choose in the schisming of the Church and the Order of the Dawn?

And then Tor blew my mind.

Believing that the arrival of both letters nearly simultaneously was too strange to be a coincidence, Tor concluded that Sir Kabel’s letter was a fake, sent by Sir Gemmell to test his loyalty. So he responded by showing Sir Gemmell the letter, unwittingly betraying Sir Kabel.

That alone was the stuff great game sessions are made of: Tor was going to be completely devastated when he realized what he’d done!

… except the player mulled it over, and realized that she may have made a mistake. So Tor took emergency action and managed to warn Sir Kabel in the nick of time! Sir Kabel escaped just before Sir Gemmell arrived to arrest him!

Meanwhile, in that same session, the PCs had captured an agent of the Pactlords in the Banewarrens. (This was unanticipated, as I’d expected them to kill all the Pactlords.) After attempting to interrogate her, they decided to turn her over to the Imperial Church for safekeeping.

This was even more unexpected!

What the PCs didn’t know is that the Pactlords had a highly placed agent in the Imperial Church, and so the logical outcome of this was that the Pactlord agent would escape from custody.

At this point, Session 31 came to an end and I had the luxury of sitting back and thinking things through at my leisure. I put myself in Sir Gemmell’s position. I thought about what he knew. I thought about what his goals were. I thought about what his fears were.

… and that’s when I realized that from Gemmell’s point of view Tor was the only person he could trust.

Completely and unequivocally.

And, therefore, there was only possible thing for Gemmell to do: Immediately knight Tor so that he would be in a position to help Gemmell root out the traitor in his midst!

I don’t know if this will blow your mind the way it blew mine. But of all the possible outcomes I could have possibly imagined when this sequence of events was set in motion, I literally could not have imagined any of this happening. That’s the amazing beauty and incredible power of a roleplaying game.

And, again, you can see all of these threads weaving together and becoming something greater than the sum of their parts.

Tor was ecstatic at the thought of being knighted. He was so excited, in fact, that he stopped to buy a couple bottles of wine on his way back to meet the others.

The other thing I’ll note is that I’d originally expected Tor to receive Sir Gemmell’s letter earlier in the day. So his meeting with Gemmell  happening at the same time the group was meeting with Kabel is actually another example of events unexpectedly weaving together.

They were glad to see him well, and surprised to see the giddy smile on his face. As Tor was explaining the situation to them, however, Agnarr’s eyes suddenly glazed over and he spoke aloud:

Jevicca requires a meeting. I request an update on your progress and have information for you.

… and we’ll go ahead and weave a little more by grabbing our last unresolved event for the 18^th that doesn’t have a specific time attached to it and drop it into this scene.

With that done, I’ve crossed out all the events on the 18^th except this one:

09/18/790 (11 PM): GQT2 comes to Nibeck Street mansion. (BW Status)

And this one is interesting because at this point I’m assuming that I know exactly how things are going to play out at 11 PM.

It turns out, though, that I’m very, very wrong.

But we’ll talk about that more next time.

Campaign Journal: Session 35C – Running the Campaign: Ambushing Your Timelines
In the Shadow of the Spire: Index

DISCUSSING
In the Shadow of the Spire – Session 35A: Birds of Black Feather

Once they had emerged from the sewers, they sold the unclaimed items in various shops across Midtown and the North Market. Then they headed to the Cathedral and received divine healing, mystically purging their poison-wracked bodies. They also took the opportunity to stock up on a variety of portable curatives so that they would be able to deal with poison on site in the future. (“This probably won’t be the last time we’ll be dealing with the Brotherhood of Venom.”)

They had completed these tasks as a matter of urgency and necessity, but now that the dinner hour was approaching, they realized they were still variously caked with sewer sludge, crusted blood, and other various foulnesses. And so they headed toward the bathhouse on Tavern Row.

I’ve previously discussed expedition-based play, but the quick version is that:

1. The party gathers resources in order to…
2. Venture forth in pursuit of a goal, during which…
3. They will attempt to use their resources to best effect in order maximize the progress and/or payoff of their expedition.

The resources in question might be either practical supplies (e.g., rations or gasoline) or mechanical benefits (e.g., hit points and spell slots). The goal might be either specific (e.g., root out of the cultists) or general (e.g, loot as much treasure as possible).

The fun of expedition-based play comes from the challenge of maximizing the return on your investment. At some point, though, you’ll burn through your resources and be forced to return to your home base so that you can gather fresh resources for the next expedition.

This dynamic, however, can lead to expedition-based play being characterized as the PCs always losing and needing to run away with their tails tucked between their legs. When it’s perceived in this way, of course, expedition-based play can seem incredibly frustrating: “We failed again!”

As we can see at the end of the last session and the beginning of this one, however, the real secret to expedition-based play is figuring out when to beat a jubilant strategic withdrawal just BEFORE you hit the challenge that depletes your resources and leaves you fleeing in abject desperation. In fact, finding that moment of jubilant withdrawal is one of the great joys of dungeon exploration: You have fought the good fight. You have reaped your rewards. You have laid the groundwork for the even greater success of your next expedition!

That is, without a doubt, a triumph, and must be seen as such.

You won’t always find that perfect moment, of course. That’s OK. If there weren’t setbacks, the victories wouldn’t taste as sweet.

Finding the perfect moment, of course, is a matter of experience. And, honestly, I find it to be as much art as science.

Some may believe that they can outthink the problem by simply leaving long before their supplies run out. “If we never put ourselves at risk, then we can never fail!” goes the logic.

Such an overabundance of caution, however, is really just a different kind of failure. If nothing else, it’s a failure to realize your potential. On a more practical level, overly frequent retreats can be particularly devastating – ranging from the frustrating to the disastrous – if the GM is running a dynamic dungeon that responds to the PCs’ actions. In those circumstances, the overly-cautious group may find it incredibly difficult to make any real progress towards their goals, instead finding themselves fighting over the same dungeon rooms again and again and again, like some sort of subterranean reenactment of World War I trench warfare.

But when you find the sweet spot! That’s a glorious moment! You leave your foes broken behind you and emerge back into the warmth of the sun, looking around the table to see the grinning faces of your fellow adventures. And then you count your coins and gems, marvel at your new magic items, and tally your experience points.

You have reached the top of one pinnacle, and now it is time to prepare for the next!

Campaign Journal: Session 35B – Running the Campaign: Weaving the Background
In the Shadow of the Spire: Index

SESSION 35A: BIRDS OF A BLACK FEATHER

January 18th, 2009
The 18th Day of Kadal in the 790th Year of the Seyrunian Dynasty

Once they had reached a position of relative safety (i.e., far away from the chaos temple), Ranthir magically attuned his vision. Looking over the items they had looted from the cultists, he saw several arcane auras. These items, combined with the various coins and gems, constituted a small fortune.

“They were well equipped,” Tor said.

One of the items, in particular, held particular interest for the fighter: Gavele’s preternatural speed was explained by the enchanted boots she wore. Tor, who had struggled to keep up with the long, powerful strides of Agnarr’s barbarian-bred legs, claimed both these and a shirt of finely crafted and mage-touched chain.

Once they had emerged from the sewers, they sold the unclaimed items in various shops across Midtown and the North Market. Then they headed to the Cathedral and received divine healing, mystically purging their poison-wracked bodies. They also took the opportunity to stock up on a variety of portable curatives so that they would be able to deal with poison on site in the future. (“This probably won’t be the last time we’ll be dealing with the Brotherhood of Venom.”)

They had completed these chores as a matter of urgency and necessity, but now that the dinner hour was approaching, they realized they were still variously caked with sewer sludge, crusted blood, and other various foulnesses. And so they headed toward the bathhouse on Tavern Row.

BIRDS OF A BLACK FEATHER

When they arrived at the Row Bathhouse, however, they found a small crowd gathered around its gaping door. A carpet of black feathers covered a broad swath of the street directly in front of the building.

Ranthir turned to Elestra. “What type of feathers are they? Raven or crow?”

“I don’t know, I’m an urban druid.”

But Ranthir was thinking about what Elestra had told them of her experiences at Nadar’s Pub: Sir Kabel had dismissed the possibility that she had been a messenger from the Killravens explicitly because she had been too small to be a raven.

They approached one of the men gathered around the scene. “What happened?”

“I hardly know. I was just walking down the street when a huge flock of birds flew into the bathhouse. Several people ran out, most of them screaming their fool heads off. And then the bird flew back out again.”

“What type of birds were they?”

“I don’t know. They were just black birds.”

“Wait,” Ranthir said. “Were they crows, ravens, or blackbirds?”

Dominic sighed. “I don’t think he knows.”

With a shrug, Tor and Tee headed into the bathhouse. They found Derra, the proprietress of the bathhouse, being questioned by a watchman. Tee took the opportunity to sneak through the far door and into the baths themselves.

She found the pools tainted with blood – crimson tendrils eddying between black feathers. She poked around for a bit, but didn’t find anything notable.

As she came back into the front office, the watchman spotted her and kicked them out onto the street. As they emerged from the door, they spotted a raven watching them from the roof on the opposite side of the Row. Seeing that it had been noticed, the raven took off and began to fly away to the south.

Reacting instantly, Elestra called upon the Spirit of the City and transformed into a hawk. She winged her way quickly after the errant raven. The crafty creature managed to dodge her first attempt to snag it, but on her second pass she was able to clasp it in her talons. She winged her way back towards the others—

And then flew past them on her way to the Ghostly Minstrel.

“Where’s she going?”

Tee was exasperated. “She’s like a magpie! But instead of shiny things, it’s bad guys.”

TELLITH’S TROUBLES

Elestra flew in through the window of her room. The others followed on foot.

But when they opened the front door of the Ghostly Minstrel, they found Tellith being confronted by a large ogre and three thugs.

“—and don’t think your delver friends will help you,” the ogre growled.

“Delver friends like us?” Tee stabbed him in the back.

With a roar of pain, the ogre whirled around and lowered his hands. From the tips of his fingers a wave of fire poured forth, bursting through the front doors of the Minstrel.

But Tee, reacting in the flicker of an eye, had flattened herself against the wall – avoiding the flames completely. Stepping forward again and coming en garde, she smiled, “You shouldn’t talk to Miss Tellith like that.” She backed out of the way as Agnarr and Tor, pushing their way through the door, closed in.

The ogre growled, backing away cautiously. “Kill the woman! Now!”

One of the thugs headed towards Tellith. She screamed and ducked under the front desk.”

“Seeaeti!” Agnarr called.

The ogre was pretty much blocking the entire front hall, so Seeaeti – being a clever hound – leapt through the front window, landed in a cascade of glass on a table, jumped from there onto the floor, ducked under a club swung by the nearest thug, and then harried his leg – keeping him away from Tellith.

Two more of the thugs were heading towards Tor. Tor eased into a defensive posture and then, in a flurry of sudden motion, beheaded the two thugs and gutted the ogre. All three of them fell dead.

Ranthir gaped. “That was amazing…”

“Keep one of them alive!” Tee pushed her way to the front of their line and thrust her dragon pistol into the face of the last thug. “Surrender!”

“No problem! No problem at all! I’m just the hired help!”

Without taking her eyes off him, Tee called over her shoulder. “Are you all right, Tellith?”

“I think so… Is it safe to come out?” Tellith crawled out from under the desk and patted Seeaeti on the nose. “Good dog!”

Questioning the thug they discovered that he and the other two had been hired by the ogre – who had been named Fatok – to provide an intimidating front. (“The ogre wasn’t intimidating enough?” Dominic wondered aloud. “Strength in numbers, I guess,” said the thug. “I just took the cash.”) They’d been extorting various businesses up and down Tavern Row in the name of the Killravens when Fatok had decided that the Ghostly Minstrel was a rich and tempting target.

They cut him loose with a message for the Killravens: Stay away from the Minstrel.

Dominic healed the other two thugs and got them on their feet – they had, after all, just been hired help.

By the time he was done, a member of the watch had shown up. Looking at them, the watchman smirked. “You again? I thought you were keeping your noses clean.”

It was the same watchmen they’d run into so many times on their second day in town. He briefly questioned them and Tellith, and then took the two thugs into custody.

“What about him?” Tee asked, nudging the ogre with her foot.

“Huh…” The watchmen looked down. “Well, he’s too heavy for me to carry. I’ll grab some of the others and come back to haul him out of here.”

After the watchman left, they quickly searched Fatok’s body. They found that he wore an ebon ring shaped like a curved feather. (“We need to get rings,” Dominic said.) They were discussing how they could move him to some place secure where they could revive him and question him, but then the watchman returned with help and hauled the corpse away.

Running the Campaign: Withdrawing in Victory – Campaign Journal: Session 35B
In the Shadow of the Spire: Index

DISCUSSING
In the Shadow of the Spire – Session 34D: The Battle Turns Again

Tee, now outside the tower, levitated into the air and tried taking potshots at the ratbrutes… but the dwarf, having safely retreated down the hall from the melee but still with a clear line of sight, started summoning fiery-eyed hawks with metallic, razor-sharp feathers to harry her. Their cruel beaks and claws took bloody gouges of flesh out of her.

2D battlemap = 2D thinking.

But if you neglect the third dimension in your game, then you’re flattening the game experience. (Pun intended.)

This session provides a pretty good sampler platter of third-dimensional stuff: The multi-level tower. The structure with both a rooftop and interior level. Windows looking down on the battlefield. Spider-creatures crawling around on the walls and swinging on webs. Flying imps. Levitating heroes. Leaping and climbing and all kinds of stuff.

A few things I think about when combat goes vertical.

Multiple Elevations. When designing your dungeon and/or battlemap, don’t forget to include multiple elevations. It won’t do you any good to remember that the third dimension exists during the fight if you get trapped by 2D-thinking during design and everything is flat as a pancake.

I kind of roughly think of this in terms of bumps and levels. The distinction here is not a particularly firm one, and I may have just made up those terms as a convenient way of leveling thoughts that have been pretty vague in my own head. A bump is basically just something that alters a continuous floor level — a dais, a rocky outcropping, a treehouse, etc.

A level, on the other hand, is a completely separate floor. A balcony flanking one side of a courtyard is a great example. You might also have a floating platform thirty feet above the ground, or a cliff that leads to a lower pit. It’s possible the two levels are directly connected, but they might have completely separate exits and entrances.

On that note, something to think about here is what the transition from one elevation to another looks like: Is it as easy as just stepping from one to another? A set of stairs or a ladder? Do you have to climb or jump? This will obviously have a profound impact on how the fight plays out, so think about the chokepoints you’re creating on the battlefield and how limited access can create challenges for both PCs and NPCs to overcome.

(And since NPCs can often have access to abilities that the PCs don’t — i.e., a dragon flying or giant spiders climbing on the walls — this can also create asymmetric battlefields.)

Levitation v. Flying. Of course, being able to move through the air is a great cheat code for navigating spaces with multiple elevation.

I think it’s important for levitation to feel distinct from flying, particularly in D&D. (They’re separate spells for a reason!) The key thing is that levitation only allows you to move straight up or down unless you can push or pull yourself along a wall or ceiling. This is fun in its own right because it creates a unique challenge for levitating characters, but in D&D it’s also how you set up the reward of unlocking full-blown flight later in the game.

Fun levitation “hacks” you can play around with: How far can you go by pushing hard off a surface? Do you just float in a straight line until you hit another obstacle (like an astronaut in zero-g)? Or is it more limited than that? (Maybe you could determine distance from a push-off the same way you would with a jump?)

Can you push off other combatants? Or be thrown by them? (And if so, how would you want to resolve that?)

Something else to think about is aerial strafing. The image of a dragon flying past a battlefield and unleashing a torrent of flame is pretty awesome. Some games will try to enforce that “realistic flying” (as opposed to magical/Superman-style “perfect” flight) mechanically, but many won’t (in part because a lot of those systems just turn into a huge bookkeeping headache).

If you want to try to enforce “realistic flying,” it’s probably enough to just require a minimum movement each round, and just assume that somehow the character is doing aerobatic maneuvering to pull off whatever path that movement actually takes.

Either way, even if it’s not mechanically “required,” you can still describe your dragons strafing the battlefield.

Tracking the 3^rd Dimension. If you’re using miniatures, how do you keep track of all this?

If you’ve only got one or two or maybe a few fliers on the battlefield, I find it’s usually enough to just provide a clear indicator of THAT CHARACTER IS FLYING to help everyone keep track of things.

The most effective — and also visually pleasing — way of doing this, in my experience, is some kind of platform that the character’s miniature or token can sit on.

• You can buy combat risers specifically made for this.
• The dice cubes that d6s or other dice sets are sometimes sold in can be a great solution.
• The little plastic platforms that pizza places use to hold up the box lid are also great. Plus, they’re free. All you need to do is start a collection.

I’ll often track the elevation of a flying character by just writing the number on the Chessex battlemap right next to them. If can’t write on the map, or don’t want to, you can also use numeric tokens or a stack of blank chits.

If you want more than that, more sophisticated combat risers will incorporate height-tracking, either through a gauge or through stackable pieces.

(The stackable risers are great because they give an easy visual reference for where different flying combatants are located in relation to each other. In my experience, though, it’s best not to get too tightly trapped in the idea of tracking specific 5-ft. or even 10-ft. increments with the risers. Partly because you can easily limit the flexibility of your three-dimensional space. But more importantly because fidgeting with stacks of plastic bits can be a real drag. So I tend to use the stackable risers to broadly indicate which vertical “level” combatants are on — these guys are all about ten feet up; these guys are about forty feet up; etc. — and, if more precision is needed, it can be handled through the other tracking methods we’ve described.)

Mapping 3D Spaces. Of course, if you’ve been designing areas with multiple elevations, it’s not just the combatants you need to depict verticality for.

If you’re using 3D terrain, of course, this problem can often take care of itself.

If the separate elevations are fairly clear, just noting the height difference on the map is often enough. For more complex spaces, you might want to sketch a side-view next to the primary battlemap, providing a quick reference for, e.g., how high the tower is vs. the carriage-house vs. the boulder vs. where the harpies are currently flying.

Tip: Duplicate minis or other tokens can also be to track figures simultaneously on both maps; the battlemap giving X-Y coordinates, and the side-map giving a X-Z coordinates.

Calculating Movement. Tracking the elevation of characters moving straight up and down isn’t too hard, but as soon as characters start moving at angles through the third dimension it’s easy for your brain to break.

Your grade school math teacher told you the Pythagorean theorem would be useful! And they were right!

But what I’ve done is actually prep an Aerial Distance Table: Calculate the horizontal distance and vertical distance traveled, and a quick cross-reference on the table will tell you far the character actually traveled in a straight line.

This table appears on page 78 of Legends & Labyrinths, so you can grab a copy for yourself.

Campaign Journal: Session 35A – Running the Campaign: Withdrawing in Victory
In the Shadow of the Spire: Index